- Widespread distribution. Asia, Southeast Asia, Oceania. On oil palm, coconut and many other palms and trees. An important disease.
- Yellowing and mottling on older leaves, and they droop and rot; growth slows and spear leaves fail to unfurl; brackets grow from the base of the bole. Death occurs 6-12 months after first symptoms.
- Spread disputed: Is it root-to-root contact or spores?
- Cultural control: mound soil around infected palms to stimulate new roots; before replanting, either remove bole and shred everything, or leave bole and windrow trunks; plant cover crops to hasten decay of the palms.
- Chemical control: none recommended.
