• Worldwide distribution. In Australia, New Zealand, most Pacific island countries.
• Major pest causing tunnels and staining in distressed, fallen trees and sawn timber. All stages completed inside tunnels, feeding on fungus introduced by adults as they bore.
• Spread: adults emerge and fly short distances. Longer distance spread with domestic and international movement of logs and timber.
• Biosecurity: high chance of introduction in logs and timber. Countries yet free should set traps at ports, and ensure crates, pallets and dunnage compliant with international standard: (http://www.fao.org/3/a0450e/a0450e.pdf).
• Cultural control: remove felled trees as quickly as possible, and convert to seasoned timber.
• Chemical control: not appropriate; insecticides unlikely to reach the beetles deep inside trees, logs or timber.

Island pinhole borer. It is also known as ambrosia beetle, bark beetle, coconut shot-hole borer, and shot-hole beetle. The common name, ambrosia beetle, belongs to a number of related species. Ambrosia beetles cultivate fungi as their sole food source in the tunnels they make in distressed trees.

Xyleborus perforans; previously known with other species names, and also placed in other genera, e.g., Anodius, Bostrichus and Tomicus.