- Worldwide distribution. In Australia, Fiji, French Polynesia, New Caledonia. On eggplant and others in Solanum family, and related wild relatives.
- A major disease: causes seedling damping-off and fruit losses of 20-50%. Spots on leaves. On fruits, oval/round lesions with black concentric rings against a grey, brownish background. Dark brown cankers on stems near ground level causing wilts.
- Spread: spores on seed and in soil splashed by rain. Long distances on fruit traded internationally.
- Biosecurity: high risk; commonly seedborne and spores on fruit.
- Biocontrol: Trichoderma harzianum as a nursery treatment.
- Cultural control: (i) before planting: avoid successive crops on same land; distance nurseries from field; use commercial seed or treat with fungicide; raise seedling in soilless mix or pasteurise soil; rogue seedlings with leaf spots; (ii) during growth: rogue wilted plants; drip irrigate; space plants encouraging air movement; (iii) after harvest: 3-year rotation; collect and destroy trash.
- Chemical control: Copper, chlorothanonil, mancozeb, or thiophanate-methyl for leaf and fruit infections. Seed treatments: hot water or fungicides, e.g., captan, carbendazim, thiram, triadimenol, mancozeb, triazoles or strobilurins.