Pacific Pests, Pathogens, Weeds & Pesticides - Online edition

Pacific Pests, Pathogens, Weeds & Pesticides

Eggplant stem canker (545)


Click/tap on images to enlarge
Summary

  • Worldwide distribution. In Australia, Fiji, French Polynesia, New Caledonia. On eggplant and others in Solanum family, and related wild relatives.
  • A major disease: causes seedling damping-off and fruit losses of 20-50%. Spots on leaves. On fruits, oval/round lesions with black concentric rings against a grey, brownish background. Dark brown cankers on stems near ground level causing wilts.
  • Spread: spores on seed and in soil splashed by rain. Long distances on fruit traded internationally.
  • Biosecurity: high risk; commonly seedborne and spores on fruit.
  • BiocontrolTrichoderma harzianum as a nursery treatment.
  • Cultural control: (i) before planting: avoid successive crops on same land; distance nurseries from field; use commercial seed or treat with fungicide; raise seedling in soilless mix or pasteurise soil; rogue seedlings with leaf spots; (ii) during growth: rogue wilted plants; drip irrigate; space plants encouraging air movement; (iii) after harvest: 3-year rotation; collect and destroy trash.
  • Chemical control: Copper, chlorothanonil, mancozeb, or thiophanate-methyl for leaf and fruit infections. Seed treatments: hot water or fungicides, e.g., captan, carbendazim, thiram, triadimenol, mancozeb, triazoles or strobilurins.

Common Name

Eggplant phomopsis blight

Scientific Name

Phomopsis vexans; the sexual state is Diaporthe. Note, the species causing eggplant blight in Pacific island countries awaits confirmation.


AUTHOR Grahame Jackson
Information from CABI (2010) Phomopsis vexans (Phomopsis blight of eggplant). Crop Protection Compendium. (https://www.cabidigitallibrary.org/doi/10.1079/cabicompendium.40488); and Eggplant insect pests & diseases. Home & Garden Information Center (2020) Fact Sheet HGIC 2224. Clemson University Cooperative Extension Service. (https://hgic.clemson.edu/factsheet/eggplant-insect-pests-diseases/); and Hot water treatment of seeds. UMass Extension Vegetable Program. University of Massachusetts Amherst. (https://ag.umass.edu/vegetable/news/hot-water-treatment-of-seeds) and from Nahar N, et al. (2019) Disease management in eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) nurseries also reduces wilt and fruit rot in subsequent plantings: A participatory testing in Bangladesh. Crop Protection 120: 113-124. (ttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S026121941930064X?v(https://www.forestryimages.org/browse/detail.cfm?imgnum=5511752)ia%3Dihub). Photo 1 Brian Olson, Oklahoma State University, Bugwood.org. (https://www.forestryimages.org/browse/detail.cfm?imgnum=5511752). Photo 2 David B. Langston, University of Georgia, Bugwood.org. Photo 3 Brian Olson, Oklahoma State University, Bugwood.org.

Produced with support from the Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research under project HORT/2016/185: Responding to emerging pest and disease threats to horticulture in the Pacific islands, implemented by the University of Queensland and the Secretariat of the Pacific.

Copyright © 2023. All rights reserved.