EUCLID Glossary

tapering to an acute point at the apex

ending in a sharp point (apex of a leaf) ; with an angle less than 45 degrees to the midrib (leaf side veins)

fused to another organ; when the anthers are rigidly held (not pivotally) at the summit of the filament

the final growth phase of the leaves

when the leaves are "scattered" along the stem and not opposite

stem-clasping; when the sides of the base of the sessile leaf continue to the opposite side of the stem and overlap with the base of an opposite leaf if present

ring-like; when the disc of the fruit is prominent, flat or raised and free from the valves

the pollen-bearing organ at the apex of the stamen

pollen-bearing organs at the apex of the stamens

the process of flowering; in eucalypts this means the shedding of the operculum, spreading of the stamens and opening of the anthers to release pollen

at the apex of (tip)

ending abruptly in a short flexible point

any small green area of a leaf blade surrounded by veinlets, visible when a leaf is held up to sunlight and inspected with a handlens; may contain a pale dot which is an oil gland

small green areas of a leaf blade surrounded by veinlets, visible when a leaf is held up to sunlight and inspected with a handlens; may contain a pale dot which is an oil gland

when the disc of the fruit is raised between the staminophore and the valves

of the leaves, bearing a lobe or lobes at the base

the upper angle between the leaf and the stem

referring to the location of a plant organ in an axil, for example, the axillary inflorescence

the upper angles between the leaf and the stem

stem, or the central pillar of tissue in the ovary that bears the placentae

the tissures, collectively outermost to the cambium of a woody plant

longer than wide with convex sides (usually referring to fruit shape)

of an anther when the summit of the filament is attached to the base of the connective of the anther

when the operculum is markedly or slightly contracted to form a beak

dead bark that is persistent, short-fibred, firm, often breaking into a tessellated pattern, often also partly deciduous and bleached

the current and previous years stem growth, usually that part of the plant bearing the leaves

setae or multi-cellular hairs found on the leaves of species in Angophora and Eucalyptus sub-genus Corymbia

a group of cells (or a single cell) with a potential for active division for the initiation of vegetative or reproductive growth (in eucalypts, usually refers to the developing flower)

groups of cells (or a single cell) with a potential for active division for the initiation of vegetative or reproductive growth (in eucalypts, usually refers to the developing flower)

of a calyx

the sepals of a flower

bell-shaped; of the fruit, but seen upside-down

a division of the ovary containing the ovules

divisions of the ovary containing the ovules

club-shaped; of the buds, distinctly pedicellate and widening towards the top

when the dead bark is persistent and compact with narrow fissures, usually kino impregnated

when the inflorescence is branched

curved or bulging inwards, in eucalypts usually referring to the disc of the fruit where the outer wall is curved inwards

when the leaves are the same colour on both sides

a type of compound axillary inflorescence found in many ghost gum species where branches or internodes within the inflorescence are much shortened and difficult to see. The peduncles of the umbels may also be shortened further obscuring the arrangement. Individual buds may have short, long or very long pedicels, depending on the species .  Compare with expanded inflorescence.

blending together, of an anther when the slits formed in dehiscence join in a single crescent-shaped opening , of a leaf when the intramarginal vein blends into the edge of the leaf blade

a three dimensional shape, triangular in median longitudinal section and circular in cross-section

when the bases of opposite leaves are fused around the stem

curved or bulging outwards, in eucalypts usually referring to the disc of the fruit where the outer wall is curved outwards

young stems shooting from a stump or the juvenile growth sprouting from mature trunks or branches

heart-shaped, refers particularly to the indented base of the leaf

the petals of a flower, in eucalypts referring to the inner perianth whorl

one of the first pair of leaves in an embryo, seen following germination (seed leaf)

the first pair of leaves in an embryo, seen following germination (seed leaf)

with a scalloped edge

the leafy head of a tree

resembling a cube, usually referring to seed shape

wedge-shaped

shaped like a cup. A fruit that is slightly longer than wide, with the sides not quite parallel, the base tapering abruptly or gradually to the pedicel, and the rim neither curved inwards nor flared outwards

cup-shaped

of the leaves or bark, shed yearly or at the end of a recurring growth period

shedding of the bark, shed yearly or at the end of a recurring growth period

shed bark

the leaves are sessile on the stem and the leaf bases extend as short narrow wings down the side of the stem . In Eucalyptus only seen in the juvenile leaves of some species related to E. flocktoniae.

of leaves, where pairs of opposite leaves are arranged successively at right-angles to each other up the stem

of the eucalypt flower bud, when the operculum sheds; of the anther, when the lobes open and shed the pollen; of the fruit, when the capsule splits and sheds the seed

triangular or D-shaped

finely toothed along the margin

when the disc lines the upper tubular part of the hypanthium, or slopes downwards towards the valves

rhomboidal, or ovoid and angular, usually referring to bud shape

the tissue in the bud or fruit between the staminophore and the top of the ovary

when the upper and lower leaf surfaces differ in colour

of a surface remote from its axis, as an underside of a leaf

of an anther when the summit of the filament is attached to the connective of the anther on the back-side, i.e. the side away from the centre of the flower when the stamen is erect

referring to leaf tip, which is prominently acuminate, often tapering to a fine point

for eucalypts, usually refers to the shape of the buds, where the operculum is usually much narrower than the hypanthium at the join

a three dimensional elliptic shape

usually referring to a leaf shape where the leaf tapers to a point equally at both ends and is broadest about the middle

shaped like an ellipse

of the leaves, notched at the end

the young plant contained within the seed

when the natural distribution of a species is restricted to a certain defined area

when the edges of the leaves are smooth, i.e. unrelieved by crenulations, teeth, indentations, etc.

dormant vegetative buds embedded beneath the bark that have a regenerative function after crown destruction, for example by fire

type of compound axillary inflorescence found in several ghost gum species where branches or internodes within the inflorescence are long and clearly visible, with insertion of successive peducles of bud clusters clearly visible .  Compare with condensed inflorescence.

curved like the blade of a sickle

of the colour of rusted iron

when the male nucleus of the pollen unites with the female nucleus of the ovule

when the bark is non-decorticating and is held in short or long fibres, usually dense, but often held loosely on old branches or towards base of trunk

the stalk of a stamen, bearing the anther at the tip

stalks of stamens, bearing the anther at the tip

grooved longitudinally (usually referring to rough bark)

the reproductive structure of the plant, for eucalypts referring to the mature bud once it has shed the operculum to expose the stamens, the style and stigma.

reproductive structures of the plant, for eucalypts referring to the mature buds once they have shed the operculum to expose the stamens, the style and stigma.

the final reproductive organ in a plant; in a eucalypt a composite structure of the seed-bearing capsule held within a woody hypanthium, opening at the top where the seed are shed after dehiscence

the final reproductive organs in a plant; in a eucalypt a composite structure of the seed-bearing capsule held within a woody hypanthium, opening at the top where the seed are shed after dehiscence

a groove or narrow trench, in eucalypts usually referring the longitudinal grooves of the rough bark or the grooves sometimes seen on the smooth surface of seed

grooved, in eucalypts usually referring to the longitudinal grooves of the rough bark

grooves or narrow trenches, in eucalypts usually referring the longitudinal grooves of the rough bark or the grooves sometimes seen on the smooth surface of seed

spindle-shaped, cigar-shaped, usually referring to bud shape

bent sharply (strongly elbowed)

a unit of classification in living organisms below the level of Family, comprising one or many related species

smooth, without hairs

in eucalypts, small or minute oil containing structures seen near the surface of the young stems, leaves , buds and fruits; also near, or at, the top of the connective of the anther; or in the pith of the branchlets , buds and fruits; also near, or at, the top of the connective of the anther; or in the pith of the branchlets

in eucalypts, small or minute oil containing structures seen near the surface of the young stems, leaves, buds and fruits; also near, or at, the top of the connective of the anther; or in the pith of the branchlets

with glands

covered with a white wax on the surface

of the anthers, somewhat globular in shape

of the fruit, somewhat globular in shape

almost spherical (usually referring to the bud or fruit shape)

The term and "green-leaved ash" refers to a species belonging to a subgroup within Eucalyptus subgenus Eucalyptus. This subgroup, section Eucalyptus, has juvenile leaves  which are green juvenile leaves and never glauc

the general appearance or characteristic growth-form of a plant

the external environment in which a plant lives

the scar on the seed indicating its point of attachment to the placenta

holotype (the specimen chosen by the author and cited in the original description as that by which the species must be interpreted)

in eucalypts, usually referring to the operculum shape, where the operculum is long and narrow (much longer than wide)

the progeny resulting from the crossing of two parents with different genetic systems, i.e. usually of different species

progenies resulting from the crossing of two parents with different genetic systems, i.e. usually of different species

an enlarged receptacle; in eucalypts specifically the broadened, invaginated structure at the top of the pedicel partly or wholly enclosing the ovary, i.e. the bottom part of the bud or flower

bent sharply inwards (in eucalypts usually referring to the regular inflexion of the anther filaments)

of the stamens in the bud, referring to the amount of bending of the anther filament

the arrangement of flowers on an axis, may be simple or compound

arrangements of flowers on an axis, may be simple or compound

the horizontal, usually black scars on the bark of some eucalypts caused by burrowing insect larvae

the growth phase of the leaves between the juvenile and the adult

the part of the stem between the points of leaf attachments

parts of the stem between the points of leaf attachments

when the leaf oil glands occur at the intersections of the veinlets or touches them

the prominent vein of a leaf near the margin and running more or less parallel with it

dead bark that is persistent, usually hard, thick, widely and deeply furrowed, and impregnated with kino

not rounded in outline; usually referring to leaf oil glands which may be either island oil glands (not connected to veinlets) or intersectional oil glands (connected to veinlets)

when the leaf oil glands occur in the centre of the smallest unreticulated areas (areole) of the leaf, as opposed to intersectional oil glands that occur at the intersections of the veinlets

isotype (a duplicate specimen of the holotype, i.e. being part the same collection)

isolectotype (a duplicate of the lectotype)

the growth phase of the leaves between the seedling and the intermediate

a ridge, like the keel of a boat

a dark gum exudate that often impregnates the dead bark

with small hollows or cavities, in eucalypts referring only to the dorsal surface of some eucalypt seeds

leaf blade

lance-shaped, with the widest part below the middle and tapering to a point at the apex

lectotype (a specimen or illustration, selected from the specimens cited in the original description, to serve in place of the holotype when the holotype is missing or destroyed, or where no holotype was designated, or if it is found to belong to more than one taxon)

pores found on the margins of the leaves of some species

a woody tuber developed in the axils of the cotyledons or the first few leaf pairs, becoming massive in many mature trees or mallees, possessing embedded vegetative buds for regeneration following crown destruction, for example by fire

woody tubers developed in the axils of the cotyledons or the first few leaf pairs, becoming massive in many mature trees or mallees, possessing embedded vegetative buds for regeneration following crown destruction, for example by fire

breadth very narrow in relation to length, usually with parallel sides

chamber of the ovary seen by cross-section of the bud or inside a dehisced fruit

chambers of the ovary seen by cross-section of the bud or inside a dehisced fruit

the growth form of many eucalypts, i.e. a multi-stemmed shrub with a lignotuber; (sometimes used loosely for a low straggly short-trunked tree)

multi-stemmed shrubs with a lignotuber; (sometimes used loosely for a low straggly short-trunked tree)

a specialised tree growth form found only in Western Australia, having slender erect stems and steeply angled branches but lacking the regenerative structures found in many other eucalypts, viz. lignotubers and epicormic buds

specialised tree growth forms found only in Western Australia, having slender erect stems and steeply angled branches but lacking the regenerative structures found in many other eucalypts, viz. lignotubers and epicormic buds

a single-stemmed shrub or small tree which has spreading branches that are densely leafy often almost to the ground, and lacks a lignotuber

single-stemmed shrubs or small trees which have spreading branches that are densely leafy often almost to the ground, and lack lignotubers

the primary vein of a leaf

for eucalypts, a bark type only found in Western Australia, where the outer layer of weathered bark splits longitudinally and curls outwards at the edges but remains attached to the stem at the middle, usually exposing shiny green to coppery unweathered bark

shaggy (usually referring to the long papillae on the stigma)

refers to the stigma shape, the stigma looks slightly shaggy and is formed by long papillae

refers to the stigma shape, the stigma looks slightly shaggy and is formed by long papillae

shape or form, or the study of them

with a mucro, a short, hard or flexible point, usually referring to the leaf apex

the point of attachment of leaves on a stem

the points of attachment of leaves on a stem

conical but inverted with the narrow end to the point of attachment

the opposite of cordate, in eucalypts usually referring to a heart-shaped leaf where the leaf stalk is attached at the narrow end of the leaf

the reverse of lanceolate, with the widest part between the middle of the leaf and the apex

of the leaves, when the two sides of the leaf base meet at different points on the midrib or petiole; of the anther, when the slits of dehiscence slope inwards towards the top of the groove separating the sacs

of the leaves, when the sides of the leaves are parallel and narrow abruptly at both ends  
of the buds, when the buds are ± cylindrical with parrallel sides

when the broadest part of a leaf is beyond the middle, the opposite of ovate

egg-shaped (3 dimensional structures) with the broadest part towards the apex, the opposite of ovoid

the sequence of developmental stages which the young plant passes through during its lifetime, in eucalypts referring to the development of the plant through the cotyledon to the seedling to the juvenile to the sapling to the adult stages

in eucalypts, the caps of a flower bud which are formed by the fusion of the sepals and the petals, and dehisces at maturity exposing the reproductive organs

in eucalypts, the cap of a flower bud which is formed by the fusion of the sepals or the petals, and dehisces at maturity exposing the reproductive organs

ring scar on bud left by shedding of the outer operculum

more or less round

orthographic variant

orthographic error

the base of the female reproductive part of a flower comprising a central axis, the placentae, the ovules and the ovule-containing chambers

the base of the female reproductive part of a flower comprising a central axis, the placentae, the ovules and the ovule-containing chambers

that part of the flower visible between the style base and the inner edge of the nectary tissue at the base of the stamens. The ovary roof develops into the valves of the fruit.

when the leaves are egg-shaped with the broadest part towards the petiole

egg-shaped (3 dimensional structures), with the broadest part at the base, usually referring to bud shape

the organ of a seed-plant borne on the placenta that develops into a seed after fertilisation  

organs of a seed-plant borne on the placenta that develop into seed after fertilisation

a branched inflorescence

branched inflorescence

a small, elongated protuberance on the surface of an organ

covered with short blunt protruberances

the stalk of a flower, bud

with stalks

stalks of a flower, bud or fruit

the common stalk of a cluster of flowers, buds or fruit

common stalks of a cluster of flowers, buds or fruit

when the petiole of the leaves is attached on the underside of the leaf blade within the margin

hanging downwards, usually referring to umbel or fruiting peduncles (which in some species curve downwards) or to drooping branches

feather-like; when the side veins of the leaf are very numerous, parallel, close together and at a relatively wide angle to the midrib

of the bark, when the dead bark is persistent, relatively short-fibred, firm, interlaced and finely fissured longitudinally; of the leaf oils, detected when a strong peppermint smell is obtained by crushing the leaves

by personal communication

when the dead bark is not shed yearly and accumulates in the following forms - stringy, peppermint, compact, box, ironbark

of a petal

with a stalk

leaf stalk

leaf stalks

leaf arrangement on the stem, e.g. decussate, spiral etc.

refers to stigma shape, the stigma widens suddenly at the top of the style, like the head of a pin

the inner core of tissue of a plant stem

in flowering plants, the tissue in the ovary chamber bearing the ovules

regions, within an ovary, to which ovules are attached

when the bark surface has a white powder that can be rubbed off easily with fingers

cells or tissues in the earliest stages of differentiation

as a synonym

covered with short, erect hairs      

for eucalypts usually referring to operculum shape or seed shape where the operculum or seed has ± four triangular sides that meet at a common apex to form a point (often distorted obliquely in seeds)

pear-shaped

for eucalypts, flowering from the naked branches

kidney-shaped; of the anthers and cotyledons

forming a network (usually referring to the tertiary vein pattern of a leaf)

network of veins in the leaf

the axis or main stem

when long strips of partly shed bark remain in the crown or drape down the trunk

outer edge, usually circular and often raised, in eucalypts usually referring to the upper edge of the fruit

poorly developed and usually not functional

wrinkled

flattened like a saucer, usually referring to seed shape

of a surface when roughed by short protuberances

ring scar on the side of a flower bud left by the loss of the outer operculum

ring scars on the side of a flower bud left by the loss of the outer operculum

the irregular markings on the living bark of some species caused by burrowing insect larvae

scaly, covered with small flakes

a natural subgeneric grouping between subgenus and series level in the classification of plants

a mature ovule within which develops an embryo, formed in the sexual reproductive cycle, consisting of a protective coat enclosing the embryo and food reserves

the next growth phase of the leaves after the cotyledons but before the juvenile leaves

the next growth phase of the leaves after the cotyledons but before the juvenile leaves

mature ovules within which develops embryos, formed in the sexual reproductive cycle, consisting of protective coats enclosing the embryos and food reserves

the outer perianth whorl of a flower which in eucalypts may become fused into a single structure, the outer operculum

the outer perianth whorl of a flower which in eucalypts may become fused into a single structure, the outer operculum

a natural subgeneric grouping between section and species level in the classification of plants

of a leaf, bud  or fruit  lacking a stalk

bristle shaped structures (usually referring to bristle-glands)

of a surface when covered by bristle-glands

a mallee that is low and very irregularly branched, without a principal erect main stem

mallees that are low and very irregularly branched, without a principal erect main stem

the secondary veins of a leaf

unbranched (usually referring to unbranched inflorescences or unbranched hairs)

the basic unit of classification which usually refers to one or several groups of plants or other living organisms that interbreed and maintain their distinctive identity through successive generations

the male reproductive part of a flower comprising, in eucalypts, a long filament surmounted by a pollen-bearing anther

the male reproductive parts of a flower comprising, in eucalypts, a long filament surmounted by a pollen-bearing anther

relative to the stamens

a sterile stamen, one without an anther or with a reduced non-functional anther

sterile stamens, without anthers or with reduced non-functional anthers

the band of tissue in a flower bud that subtends the stamens. In most species it is not conspicuous and, after flowering, it is either shed in fragments when the stamens fall or remains inconspicuous on the developing fruit. In some species it remains intact, persisting as an obvious dry annulus on the top of the fruit for some time after the stamens have fallen, but ultimately is deciduous. In E. polyanthemos subsp. longior the staminophore, complete with stamens, sheds as a "fairy ring" immediately after flowering .

of hairs with radiating papillae; or a star-shaped bud cluster

usually referring to leaves where the bases are sessile and ± lobed on each side of the midrib, with each lobe extending past the stem to more or less clasp it

receptive pollen-collecting structure at the tip of the style

receptive pollen-collecting structures at the tip of the style

the persistent bark on the lower trunk of an otherwise smooth-barked tree

marked with more or less parallel longitudinal ridges

dead bark that is persistent, long-fibred, thick, furrowed, and often interlaced beneath the surface

the filament surmounting the ovary through which the pollen tube travels from the stigma to the ovules to effect fertilisation

with a weakly scalloped edge

a natural group between genus and section used in the classification of plants

nearly opposite (usually referring to the position of leaves on the stem)

a form of a species having a distinctive identity and occupying a particular habitat or region

syntype (specimen or specimens cited by the author in the original description when no holotype was designated)

where all buds in the cluster (or fruit in a cluster) are fused together by the bases

(type) the element of a taxon (for a species or subspecies, usually a botanical specimen) to which the name for that group is permanently attached, either as a correct name or as a synonym

of the inflorescence, occurring at the end of a branchlet and not axillary (in the axils of a leaf)
of the winged seed, occurring at one end of the seed
of the hilum, occurring at one end of a linear, elongated, cuboid or pyramidal seed

occurring in small thick flakes or small squares

an erect single stemmed woody plant, usually at least 5 metres high

cut off, as in a truncate-globose fruit , which is globular but cut off at the top or truncate leaf base , where the leaf has a ± straight bottom edge

in the form of tube or tubicle

of the operculum, like a sheik's turban, a word to describe those opercula with rounded bases wider than the hypanthium

inflorescence with sessile or pedicellate flowers arising from the top of a peduncle; a simple inflorescence is a single umbel; a compound inflorescence has several to many umbels as subunits of the whole

inflorescences with sessile or pedicellate flowers arising from the top of a peduncle; a simple inflorescence is a single umbel; a compound inflorescence has several to many umbels as subunits of the whole

a knob or boss, more coarse than an apiculum.

with a rounded or conical protuberance, often referring to the tip of the operculum

with a delicate hook at the tip (of a leaf)

of a leaf surface, wavy, not all of the lamina is in the same plane

urn-shaped

a sector of the roof of the capsule of a eucalypt fruit which is formed by dehiscence and is usually raised to allow the passage of seed and chaff

sectors of the roof of the capsule of a eucalypt fruit which is formed by dehiscence and is usually raised to allow the passage of seed and chaff

one of two or more forms of a species with a minor morphological distinction

the pattern of veins of the leaves

of a lateral organ, facing towards the subtending axis (usually referring to the hilum position on seeds)

of the anthers, attached to a fine tip of the filament and able to pivot

the longitudinal "wings" of a prominently 4-sided stem , or on some gumnuts; the thin, membranous, (usually transparent) appendage on the edge of some seed